我们打算去骑山地车在溪口旁边：


和一天以后想去大雷山旁边（下面是石门的照片）：



可是星期六白天下雨了，然后在晚上吃了宁波的海鲜，让我星期天生病。。。
所以我们只周六骑自行车两个小时



所有的照片在这里。也有一个动画。

中文

Huawei will enter into the smartphone market in the first half of 2009, and plans on producing devices running on the Symbian OS and Google’s Android platform.

The Chinese equipment maker did not disclose details on the models it plans to produce or even how many phones it will be launching, but confirmed it would be working with Symbian and Android.

"Windows Mobile is already well supported by a number of software developers, but with Android and Symbian we can demonstrate our own customisable software and services," James Chen, director of marketing at Huawei Terminals Business, said at a briefing in Shenzhen this week.

Huawei has said it plans on launching in North America in the next five years.

华为2009年上半年推出Android和Symbian系统的手机

网易科技讯 北京时间11月7日消息 据国外网站报道，华为技术终端部门营销工程部部长陈崇军表示，公司计划于2009年上半年推出采用谷歌Android系统和Symbian系统的手机。同时还将在本月举行的GSMA移动通信亚洲大会上发布新的嵌入式3G模块。

　　最近华为取消了出售终端部门股权的计划，不过依然计划在手机和移动宽带设备上进行大扩张。陈崇军认为，全球性经济危机的出现将延长一直是市场主 流产品的低端功能手机寿命，使公司有时间发布可运行在所有主要操作系统上的智能手机；公司打算邀请私人资本加入华为，因为公司缺乏资金错失了很多国际市场 机会。

　　陈崇军表示，公司不会与索尼、爱立信一样，组建合资公司进行技术合作，因为自己的业务模式已经被证明是成功的，不需要技术合作伙伴，只需要资金支持；华为在智能手机上起步比较晚，但公司对客户化的关注使我们依然有希望领先并实现目标。

　　陈崇军指出，公司已经开发了一款采用Windows Mobile系统的智能手机，并计划在明年上半年发布采用Android和Symbian系统的手机；因为华为不但是Symbian基金会的成员，也是Android开放手机联盟的会员。Windows Mobile手机可从完全支持微软的桌面平台中获得好处，这适合软件能力弱的销售商；但采用开放操作系统，如华为这样在软件方面比较强的公司，可为运营商提供更多的客户化功能。

　　陈崇军表示，华为的智能手机打的是运营商牌子，没有贴自己的品牌，公司也没有如诺基亚一样发布内容和服务的计划，华为坚定地站在运营商阵营里，虽然公司会对手机进行客户化，但永远不会直接向终端用户销售服务。

　　华为还计划开发自己的移动宽带产品，包括与11月18-20日在澳门举行的GSMA移动通信亚洲大会合作发布一个嵌入式3G模块。不过陈崇军认 为，嵌入式3G模块不会与笔记本使用的Wi-Fi模块一样获得迅速成功，也不会迅速取代dongle，两者存在差异，3G模块需要笔记本销售商进行网络配 置，同时需要运营商业调整业务模式。

　　嵌入式3G模块市场与dongle市场相比要小，但在内置机器对机器模块市场上要比在笔记本市场上大。

 
Sources / 来源:
fiercewireless.com
lutianyi.com

N.B.: The following article is an automated translation done thru Google. So, it’s not literary English… Indeed, the aim is just to keep you informed with this point of view.

The attacks of August in Kashgar reminded Chinese authorities radicalization of some Uyghurs, desperate to get the independence of Xinjiang.

"There was a fear of revenge by Chinese authorities after the Games.  During the competition, they have done everything to show the world a modern and harmonious, but now that athletes and international journalists have turned heels is Taking Stock!  "Youssef, 29 years, protected by the anonymity of a tea house outside of Kashgar, beautiful oasis on the ancient Silk Road, not far from Tajikistan, does not hide his pessimism.

 Youssef is Uighur, an ethnic group different from the Han (dominating), Muslim religion and language close to Turkish, like the populations of five countries of former Soviet Central Asian neighbor (Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan) with which, since the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, links are getting stronger.  In years 30 and 40, while the control of the central government of China was weakened by civil war and Japanese invasion, the Uighurs had established two republics Turkestan a short lifespan, but remained in the Uighur imagination: since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, says that people have a permanent and growing repression by the Chinese State which periodically leads to rebellion.  Officially and constitutionally, the Uighurs of Xinjiang have regional autonomy, which in practice does not exist: the head of the Communist Party of the region is a Han Chinese, as well as the police, officials local districts and university rectors.  The Uighurs still come in second place.  It does concede that posts symbolic.

 Faced with an influx of Han Chinese, often attracted by social benefits and wages higher than in other regions of China, an increasingly significant Uighur population was in favor of independence.  The number of Han in the region is now equivalent to that of the Uighurs (8 million).  Youssef is a former English teacher who preferred to join his father in trade and laments: "I could do more to pressure the university. And I had the chance to teach English , Which is not really an excuse to rewrite history.  One of my friends, he was professor of history and suffered terribly convey duty to students of pure propaganda about our region!  He too has left teaching.  Remain as central support for the regime …  "

 One refuge, religion
 Xinjiang, "new frontier" of western China, covers one-sixth of the territory and holds 30% of oil reserves and 35% of those gases.  It is important not to speak publicly on relations with Beijing.  Since the attacks of August, local authorities are not gifts: they monitor every foreigner who arrives at the hotel to ensure that it is not a journalist, arbitrary arrests are common and discrimination against feel victims appear to redouble the Uighurs. "As a Uighur, it takes much longer to get an official record and rates bakchichs in government has significantly increased since the Games.  It is said that every Ramadan [which began Sept. 2] may not be very quiet …  , "Said Youssef, who believe, throughout the duration of fasting, moved with his wife and two children in Urumqi, the regional capital, where he felt more secure.

 If China can boast of having received tens of thousands of foreign guests without incident during the high mass sports, three attacks, which caused 31 deaths in nine days have reminded the authorities that the cause had Uighur not lost his followers, on the contrary: "We had not been so dramatic in such a short time in a decade at least," said Youssef, referring to the unrest of the early 90s, severely punished.  Bloody and effective, the attack on August 4 against the Chinese security forces (16 customs special forces killed and 16 others injured) in the early morning attack in the center of Kashgar, by two men armed with grenades and knives craft, a surprised even the non-violent separatists as Youssef.

 Is that in recent years, the generation of 25-35 years old, who suffered the brunt of the "colonization" han, tend to radicalize.  Aware of the impossibility of an actual armed resistance to the state, many are flowing into the arms of religion, the only refuge at what they see as a deculturation and a total denial of their identity.  Reflecting the increasing globalization, new Islamic fundamentalist entered Xinjiang over the travel of some Uighurs in Yemen, Saudi Arabia (during the pilgrimage to Mecca), Turkey and Syria.  In the streets of Kashgar, we crossed more and more women veiled, sometimes even completely hidden.

 Omar is the son of a notable.  This morning he was working to inform texto a dozen other comrades of holding a meeting for tomorrow in a garden Choufou, a village about thirty kilometers south of the city. "We’re just a group of young people who want to change things, and why we must exchange our views, "says Omar, moustached, wearing head cover head of pious Muslims." We are Muslims and it is thanks to this Islamic identity we separate from China!  "Proclaims he fervently.  In China, where everything is banned rally, young separatists take precautions and use codes to communicate.

 The next day, they find themselves near a service station and leave the city aboard three cars, which will be extensively excavated to and returning to Kashgar.  Since the attacks, security measures have redoubled: at the station, the driver showed his identity card and one vehicle at the time was right to go to the pump.  It must also show his identity card to send any fax if the text is in a foreign language.

 The group now receives Alim, a "new", spotted a month ago only.  After the prayer of mid-day, young people strolling in the garden and then sit in a circle on carpets in the shade of an arbor.  The silence is Alim and spoke: "We all agree that we, the Uighurs, have big problems in our everyday lives because of a blunder of history.  How to fix this error, how to leave the Chinese fold?  "The hearing was suspended at his lips." Let’s be honest, we have two identities: first, we are Uighur, then we are Muslims.  How to reconcile the two?  We must realize that religion plays a vital role in our identity and it can take us on a path that ultimately will be liberating.  But it means reformulating what we believe, not automatically, without really believing, as did our parents, but knowingly.  It’s stressing our commonalities that we become stronger.  Know that Islam is not just a rite is a living, and we want to return to a pure Islam, as the time of Prophet Muhammad!  "Long applauded, Alim is inducted and will also get in hunting other members, met through reliable sources, or very discreetly at the mosque.

 When returning to Kashgar, the comments are going well.  Youssef, more intellectual than others, is a fan of literature promoting the Wahhabi strict Muslim rite practiced in Saudi Arabia.  The Egyptian preacher Youssef al-Qaradaoui consultant on religious television channel Al-Jazeera, and the Yemeni fundamentalist imam Abdelmajid Zandani have a preference, he also read books Tariq Ramadan (little son of the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood) and heard of Hizb ut-Tahir, an Islamic political party banned in all Central Asian countries bordering the region of China, whose stated aim is to recreate the caliphate. "This party is too political for us , Here in China, it will never work, we need to go through a phase of real return to religion is what we preach and it was more followers, people who lead a double life.  How to get out because if we do not learn Chinese and if not living with the Han?  For now, you have no choice!  "He concludes bitterly.

 Five religions, including Islam, are officially recognized since 1978 in China, where imams are appointed by the state.  In Kashgar, one mosque, one of the great Friday prayer, to use a microphone to call the faithful to pray five times a day. "The other day, the imam has vilified the perpetrators, I had tears in the eyes, "says Youssef. For me, these are people who have dared to die for our cause.  It did not even know it was possible, such courage!  They have opened their eyes for us, they are models!  Another example to follow: that of Kosovo, this ancient region of Serbia, which gained its independence in 2008 after being placed under UN administration: "This may be unreal, but we can always dream: Kosovo, they have arrived!  "Says the young man, who is well diplomat future of a possible independent state.  This is obviously a dream, because the Chinese do not abandon Xinjiang.

 An accelerated sinicization
 In Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, 2 million, sinicization has increased over the past five years and the Uighurs are imbedded in the mass.  Just completed their studies in other regions, many young professors han are sent to Xinjiang and encouraged to settle there.  Yasmina, Uighur teacher, is married to a Han.  Mixed marriages are still rare, but it’s always a Uighur woman who joins a Chinese and never otherwise.  When Yao Jang, her husband, a teacher also says that this land is "han long ago, Yasmina approves silence.  As to whether the central state has reason to be afraid of the Uighurs, Yao Jang responds with a cryptic smile: "A Chinese proverb says that when everything goes well, it is silent, while the slightest negative event is blown up!  ".

by Hasfo Franck (in Kashgar)
 

Chine - Les Ouïgours défient Pékin

Les attentats du mois d’août à Kachgar ont rappelé aux autorités chinoises la radicalisation de certains Ouïgours, prêts à tout pour obtenir l’indépendance du Xinjiang.

«On n’a qu’une peur : la revanche des autorités chinoises après les Jeux. Pendant la compétition, elles ont tout fait pour montrer au monde entier un pays moderne et harmonieux, mais maintenant que les athlètes et les journalistes internationaux ont tourné les talons, c’est l’heure des comptes ! » Youssef, 29 ans, protégé par l’anonymat d’une maison de thé des abords de Kachgar, superbe oasis sur l’ancienne route de la soie, non loin du Tadjikistan, ne cache pas son pessimisme.

Youssef est ouïgour, d’une ethnie différente des Han (qui dominent), de religion musulmane et de langue proche du turc, à l’instar des populations des cinq pays d’ex-Asie centrale soviétique voisine (Tadjikistan, Kirghizistan, Ouzbékistan, Kazakhstan et Turkménistan) avec lesquels, depuis la fin de l’Union soviétique en 1991, les liens ne cessent de se renforcer. Dans les années 30 et 40, alors que le contrôle du gouvernement central chinois était affaibli par la guerre civile et l’invasion japonaise, les Ouïgours avaient établi deux républiques du Turkestan d’une courte durée de vie, mais qui ont subsisté dans l’imaginaire ouïgour : depuis la création de la République populaire de Chine en 1949, ce peuple déclare subir une répression permanente et croissante de la part de l’Etat chinois qui, périodiquement, mène à des rébellions. Officiellement et constitutionnellement, les Ouïgours du Xinjiang jouissent d’une autonomie régionale, qui, dans la pratique, n’existe pas : le chef du Parti communiste de la région est un Chinois han, de même que celui de la police, les responsables de districts locaux et les recteurs d’université. Les Ouïgours arrivent toujours en deuxième position. On ne leur concède que des postes symboliques.

Face à l’arrivée massive de Chinois han, souvent attirés par des bénéfices sociaux et des salaires plus élevés que dans d’autres régions de Chine, une proportion de plus en plus significative de la population ouïgoure se déclare en faveur de l’indépendance. Le nombre des Han dans la région est désormais équivalent à celui des Ouïgours (8 millions). Youssef est un ancien professeur d’anglais qui a préféré rejoindre son père dans le commerce et se lamente : « Je n’en pouvais plus de la pression permanente à l’université . Et j’avais de la chance d’enseigner l’anglais, qui n’est pas vraiment prétexte à la réécriture de l’Histoire. Un de mes amis, lui, était prof d’histoire et souffrait terriblement de devoir transmettre aux étudiants de la pure propagande à propos de notre région ! Lui aussi a quitté l’enseignement. Ne restent que les suppôts du régime central… »

Un seul refuge, la religion

Le Xinjiang, « nouvelle frontière » de l’ouest de la Chine, recouvre un sixième du territoire et recèle 30 % des réserves de pétrole et 35 % de celles de gaz. Il faut se garder de parler publiquement des relations avec Pékin. Depuis les attentats du mois d’août, les autorités locales ne font pas de cadeau : elles surveillent chaque étranger qui arrive à l’hôtel pour s’assurer qu’il n’est pas journaliste, les arrestations arbitraires sont fréquentes et les discriminations dont se sentent victimes les Ouïgours semblent redoubler. « En tant que Ouïgour, il faut attendre beaucoup plus longtemps pour obtenir un document officiel et le tarif des bakchichs dans les administrations a nettement augmenté depuis les Jeux. On se dit tous que le ramadan [qui a débuté le 2 septembre] risque de ne pas être très calme… », ajoute Youssef, qui pense, pendant toute la durée du jeûne, aller s’installer avec sa femme et ses deux enfants à Ouroumtsi, la capitale régionale, où il se sentira davantage en sécurité.

Si la Chine peut se targuer d’avoir reçu des dizaines de milliers d’hôtes étrangers sans encombre pendant la grand-messe sportive, trois attentats, qui ont provoqué 31 morts en neuf jours, ont rappelé aux autorités que la cause ouïgoure n’avait pas perdu ses adeptes, au contraire : « On n’avait pas eu autant d’événements dramatiques en si peu de temps depuis une décennie au moins », rappelle Youssef, faisant référence aux troubles du début des années 90, durement réprimés. Sanglante et efficace, l’attaque du 4 août contre les forces de sécurité chinoises (16 douaniers des forces spéciales tués et 16 autres blessés) perpétrée au petit matin en plein centre de Kachgar, par deux hommes armés de grenades artisanales et de couteaux, a même surpris les séparatistes non violents comme Youssef.

C’est que, depuis quelques années, la génération des 25-35 ans, qui subit de plein fouet la « colonisation » han, tend à se radicaliser. Conscients de l’impossibilité d’une réelle résistance armée à l’Etat, nombreux sont ceux qui se jettent dans les bras de la religion, seul refuge face à ce qui leur apparaît comme une déculturation totale et une négation de leur identité. Reflet de la globalisation croissante, les nouvelles idées fondamentalistes islamiques sont entrées au Xinjiang au fil des voyages de certains Ouïgours au Yémen, en Arabie saoudite (lors du pèlerinage à La Mecque), en Turquie et en Syrie. Dans les rues de Kachgar, on croise de plus en plus de femmes voilées, parfois même entièrement masquées.

Omar est le fils d’un notable. Ce matin, il s’emploie à informer par texto une dizaine d’autres camarades de la tenue d’une réunion pour le lendemain dans un jardin de Choufou, une bourgade à une trentaine de kilomètres au sud de la ville. « Nous sommes juste un groupe de jeunes qui voulons changer les choses, et pour cela on doit échanger nos opinions » , explique Omar, moustachu, la tête coiffée du couvre-chef des musulmans pieux. « Nous sommes musulmans et c’est grâce à cette identité islamique que nous nous séparerons de la Chine ! » proclame-t-il avec ferveur. En Chine, où tout rassemblement est interdit, les jeunes séparatistes prennent leurs précautions et utilisent des codes pour communiquer.

Le lendemain, ils se retrouvent près d’une station-service et quittent la ville à bord de trois voitures, qui seront longuement fouillées au départ et à leur retour à Kachgar. Depuis les attentats, les mesures de sécurité ont redoublé : à la station, le conducteur montre sa carte d’identité et un seul véhicule à la fois a le droit d’aller à la pompe. On doit aussi montrer sa carte d’identité pour l’envoi de tout fax si le texte est en langue étrangère.

Le groupe reçoit aujourd’hui Alim, un « nouveau », repéré il y a un mois seulement. Après la prière de la mi-journée, les jeunes se promènent dans le jardin puis s’assoient en cercle sur des tapis, à l’ombre d’une tonnelle. Le silence se fait et Alim prend la parole : « On est tous d’accord pour dire que nous, Ouïgours, avons de gros problèmes dans notre vie de tous les jours à cause d’une grossière erreur de l’Histoire. Comment réparer cette erreur, comment se sortir du giron chinois ? » L’audience est suspendue à ses lèvres. « Soyons honnêtes, nous possédons deux identités : d’abord, nous sommes ouïgours, ensuite nous sommes musulmans. Comment concilier les deux ? Nous devons prendre conscience que la religion joue un rôle capital dans notre identité et qu’elle peut nous emmener sur un chemin qui, finalement, sera libérateur. Mais, pour cela, il faut reformuler ce en quoi nous croyons, non pas automatiquement, sans vraiment y croire, comme l’avaient fait nos parents, mais en toute connaissance de cause. C’est en soulignant nos points communs qu’on devient plus forts. Sachez que l’islam n’est pas seulement un rite, c’est un mode de vie, et nous voulons revenir à un islam pur, comme du temps du prophète Mahomet ! » Longuement applaudi, Alim est intronisé et devra, lui aussi, se mettre en chasse d’autres membres, rencontrés via des sources sûres, ou très discrètement à la mosquée.

Lors du retour à Kachgar, les commentaires vont bon train. Youssef, plus intellectuel que les autres, est un fan de la littérature wahhabite prônant le rite musulman rigoriste pratiqué en Arabie saoudite. Le prêcheur égyptien Youssef al-Qaradaoui, consultant religieux sur la chaîne de télévision Al-Jazeera, et l’imam yéménite fondamentaliste Abdelmajid Zandani ont sa préférence ; il a aussi lu des livres de Tariq Ramadan (petit-fils du fondateur des Frères musulmans) et entendu parler du Hizb ut-Tahir, un parti politique islamique interdit dans tous les pays de l’Asie centrale voisins de cette région de la Chine, et dont le but affiché est de recréer le califat. « Ce parti est trop politique pour nous ; ici, en Chine, ça ne marchera jamais, il faut avant tout passer par une phase de vrai retour à la religion, c’est ce que nous prônons et on a de plus en plus d’adeptes, des gens qui mènent une double vie. Car comment s’en sortir si on n’apprend pas le chinois et si on ne cohabite pas avec les Han ? Pour le moment, on n’a pas le choix ! » conclut-il amèrement.

Cinq religions, dont l’islam, sont officiellement reconnues depuis 1978 en Chine, où les imams restent nommés par l’Etat. A Kachgar, une seule mosquée, celle de la grande prière du vendredi, est autorisée à utiliser un micro pour appeler les fidèles à prier cinq fois par jour. « L’autre jour, l’imam a vilipendé les auteurs des attentats, j’en avais les larmes aux yeux , avoue Youssef. Car, pour moi, ce sont des personnes qui ont osé se sacrifier pour notre cause. On ne savait même pas que c’était possible, un tel courage ! Ils nous ont ouvert les yeux, pour nous, ce sont des modèles ! » Un autre exemple à suivre : celui du Kosovo, cette ancienne région de la Serbie qui a obtenu son indépendance en 2008 après avoir été placée sous administration de l’Onu : « C’est peut-être irréel, mais on peut toujours rêver : au Kosovo, ils y sont bien arrivés ! » affirme le jeune homme, qui se verrait bien futur diplomate d’un éventuel Etat indépendant. C’est évidemment un rêve, car les Chinois ne lâcheront jamais le Xinjiang.

Une sinisation accélérée

A Ouroumtsi, capitale du Xinjiang, 2 millions d’habitants, la sinisation s’est accrue ces cinq dernières années et les Ouïgours sont noyés dans la masse. A peine achevées leurs études dans d’autres régions, de nombreux jeunes professeurs han sont envoyés au Xinjiang et incités à s’y établir. Yasmina, institutrice ouïgoure, est mariée à un Han. Les mariages mixtes restent rares, mais c’est toujours une femme ouïgoure qui s’unit à un Chinois et jamais le contraire. Quand Yao Jang, son mari, enseignant lui aussi, affirme que cette terre est « han depuis belle lurette », Yasmina approuve en silence. Quant à la question de savoir si l’Etat central a raison d’avoir peur des Ouïgours, Yao Jang répond par un sourire énigmatique : « Un proverbe chinois dit que quand tout se passe bien, on se tait, alors que le moindre événement négatif est monté en épingle ! » .
 

par Franck Hasfo (à Kashgar)
 
 
 
Source:
Le Point magazine (04/09/2008)

English

下列是一个课文被提交中文BBC的网站，为挑战他们出版。BBC就出版了他的课文在他们的网站。
小的备注：在中国，中文BBC的网站不能得到，因为检查制度。。。

我1990年大学毕业，是经历过1989年学潮的特殊一代。作为一个在文革后接受了完整的中等和高等教育的八十年代新一辈，我曾经是一个完全亲西方的、同时有着极度爱国热情的青年学生，怀着一腔热血积极参与了学潮的全过程。

我曾经认为只有全盘接受西方的民主、自由、科学思想才是中国的唯一出路。

可以想像，我曾经是西方媒体的最忠实听众。在学潮期间及之后的很长一段时间，我都认为以CNN、BBC和VOA为代表的西方媒体是我唯一可以相信的代表公平、公正和真相的媒体，而中国国内媒体只代表谎言和宣传。

西方媒体真的客观公正吗？

及至90年代中，我在东欧生活了很长一段时间，只能接触到西方媒体，而很难听到来自中国的声音，我也亲眼看到了东欧国家从前苏联式社会主义制度走向全盘西化的过程。

正是这一段时间，使我的思想完全转变，从对西方的盲目崇拜变成一个批判接受者。而促成这个转变的，正是BBC这样的西方媒体。

在我只能看到西方媒体的四五年时间内，我所有看到的关于中国的报道，全部是负面的和批评的报道。

如果不相信我的话，请BBC自己查一下之前所有关于中国的报道。以至于，在我只能听到西方媒体报道的这段时间，我一直认为中国是一个随时可能崩溃的国家。

可是，每次我回到国内，看到的却是一个比东欧国家发展要快得多的欣欣向荣的国家。我开始疑惑了，西方媒体真的客观公正吗？

一直到另两件事情发生后，我的思想彻底改变了。

一件是1997香港回归中国，每一个在海外的中国人都为之自豪，有些华侨甚至激动得泪流满面。当我看到《时代周刊》的黑色封面，看到那著名的"THE DEATH OF HONGKONG"，听到BBC那喋喋不休唱衰香港的报道，我彻底疑惑了。

再到1998年，中国国内发生了百年一遇的长江流域大洪水。洪水期间，我正好在国内生活了几个月时间，我看到听到的全是中国政府如何千方百计调动全国力量抗洪救灾，看到大批军人不惜牺牲生命，而忘我救人的场面。

洪水尚未结束，我回到国外，看到西方关于洪水的报道，全部是尸横遍野、哀鸿满地。

没有任何关于中国政府正面努力的报道。我彻底失望了。为什么选择如此有倾向性的报道？

两个明显的误解

90年代末，我回到中国，开始就职于外资企业。经常接触外籍员工，也经常出国。仍然可以不断比较西方媒体和国内媒体。非常遗憾的是，西方媒体没有改变。

而且直到今年闹藏独和四川地震，西方媒体仍然没有改变。

西方媒体可能并没有意识到，你们正在失去中国！你们正在失去中国年轻一代对西方的崇拜和信任，而将他们推向民族主义立场。

而所有这一切，只因西方媒体根本不了解中国，也根本不愿真正了解中国。

西方媒体对中国有两个明显的误解。第一是认为中国政府是专制、集权政府，而专制政府必然是不得人心，得不到民众支持的政府。

一个最明显的例证发生在今年CNN辱华事件中，事件发生后，CNN主持人遭到全球华人抗议。他的第一反应是立刻辩解说，他是针对中国政府而非针对中国人民。

殊不知，此说立刻引来更大声的抗议和官司。第二个误解是，西方媒体认为可以代表中国民间声音的是在海外的政治流亡人士或民间的反政府人士。

为什么说这是两个误解？第一，西方忽略了一个事实，中国政府带领中国在过去三十年实现了惊人的经济增长，大批民众在这轮经济增长中得到了实惠。如果西方媒体愿意作一下调查的话，中国现政府的民众支持率很有可能高于许多西方国家。

第二点，西方媒体并没有注意到，现在真正代表中国民间声音和左右社会舆论的，是在过去三十年经济增长中迅速成长起来的中产阶层和知识精英。

而这些改革的既得利益者，虽然都希望中国能够进一步深化改革，但基本上是拥护和支持中国政府的。而西方媒体在关注中国政治流亡人士的同时，对这批新崛起的社会力量又知之多少？

历史成因和东方文化

往更深层次分析，西方媒体并不了解，中国之所以形成现在的社会政治制度，有着非常深的历史成因和东方文化背景。

论历史成因，中国在过去一百多年所遭受的屈辱，使得中国政府必然有着很浓的民族主义色彩，而不可能是西方世界的追随者和同盟军。

论东方文化背景，与西方文化崇尚个人自由不同的是，东方文化更推崇的是集体主义。中国孩子从小受到的教育都是"舍小家，顾大家"、"牺牲小我，成就大我"。

实际上，有着同样东方文化背景的韩国、台湾、甚至新加坡，都走出了一条完全不同于西方的现代化之路，即在集权和专制政权的 统治下，实现了经济的高速发展。随着经济高速增长，在培养出足够的中产阶层之后，才最终实现政治民主化。台湾仅有2千多万人口，在经济增长50年后，至今 仍然在承受民主化的镇痛。而13亿人口的中国，有着纷繁复杂的社会矛盾，你怎能奢望她在改革开放仅30年后，就能实现政治民主化。

毋庸置疑，民主化和法制化是中国走向现代化的终极目标。但在现阶段的中国，比开放更多个人自由更重要的，反而是应当维持一个强有力的中央政权，虽然，这会导致腐败和部分阻碍经济自由。这是中国现代化之路上，必须要付出的代价和承受的镇痛。

目标是否一致？

西方媒体非常希望推动中国的民主化和自由化进程，这与广大中国民众的希望是一致的。

但是西方媒体所使用的方法和手段，却极易使人产生疑问。虽然我可能真的是以小人之心度君子之腹了，但我还是必须发出疑问：西方媒体想要推动的民主与自由与中国民众想实现的终极目标是否一致？

中国人想最终实现的，是通过民主化达到人民富裕和国家强盛。西方媒体却象是为了民主而民主，哪管民主自由之后，中国会成为什么样。

甚至可能有人因为担心中国成为一个新的东方帝国，成为西方的强大对手，而假借民主自由为幌子，行分化、弱化中国之实。

必须提醒西方世界的是，一个稳定和富裕的中国绝对是全世界的福音。而如果中国真的走向前苏联和东欧那样分崩离析的道路，那将是一场绝对的地缘政治灾难，甚至导致全球经济灾难。

因为，东方文化最推崇的是和谐和稳定，一旦打破一种平衡，会比西方世界花费更多更多的时间才能重新回到平衡。

写到最后，我突然想挑战一下BBC，一贯标榜客观、公正的BBC敢不敢一字不删的全文发表这篇文章呢？

编者按：我们愿意接受挑战，正如我们致力于坚持客观公正一样。这位李先生的文章我们全文发表在这里，除了改正必要的文字和标点。

How should the western media deal with China in the reforms?

Mr. Li Writes To BBC

The following is the translation of a Chinese-language essay submitted to the Chinese section of the BBC website with the challenge to publish it.  The BBC did just that.  The essay has been re-posted widely across Chinese Internet websites.

This opens two questions.

First of all, if a westerner submits a similarly critical English-language essay to CCTV or China Daily about Chinese media coverage, will it be published verbatim?  And will comments be open too?

Secondly, is there anything to gain from the ensuing discussion between "Fifty-cent gang" pro-China agents and FLG naysayers?

A small remark: the Chinese BBC website is unreachable in China, due to censorship…

I graduated from university in 1990, and I was part of the generation that went through the 1989 student movement.  As a person who received a complete secondary and higher education in the 1980’s after the Cultural revolution ended, I was a totally pro-western young student who was also thoroughly patriotic.  I actively participated in the entire process of the student movement.

I once thought that only be completely adopting the western ideas of democracy, freedom and science is the only way out for China.

As you can imagine, I used to be the most loyal audience member of western media.  For a long period after the student movement, I thought that the western media represented by CNN, BBC and VOA were the only credible media that are fair, balanced and truthful.  By comparison, the mainland Chinese media only represented lies and propaganda.

In the mid-1990’s, I lived in eastern Europe for a long time.  I could only access western media and I could not hear any voices from China.  I personally witnessed the entire process by which the eastern European countries switched from the former Soviet Russia model to full westernization.

During this period, my thinking changed completely.  I went from being a blind admirer of western media to a critical audience member.  The cause for the change is the western media such as the BBC.

During the four or five years when I could only see the western media, all the reports that I saw about China were negative and critical.

If you don’t believe me, you can ask BBC to go through what it reported about China during that period.  As a result of only being able to see western media reports during this period, I thought that China was a country that was about to collapse at any moment.

But each time that I returned to China, I saw a prosperous country that was growing significantly faster than the eastern European countries.  I began to doubt whether the western media were truly fair and objective.

Then two things happened, and my thinking changed completely.

The first event was the return of Hong Kong China in 1997.  Every overseas Chinese person was proud, some of them even being moved to tears.  When I read the black cover on TIME magazine  on <The Death of Hong Kong> and I listened to relentless denigration of Hong Kong, I was thoroughly skeptical.

In 1998, there was a once-in-a-century flood in the Changjiang River, China.  During the period of the flood, I lived for several months in China.  I saw how the Chinese governmented attempt to mobilize all the resources of the government to fight the flood, and I saw large numbers of soldiers trying to save people in spite of the risks to their own lives.

Before the floods ended, I went overseas again and I read the western media reports about the floods.  They only spoke of bodies strewn all over the place and people living sorrow.

There was nothing positive about the efforts that the Chinese government was making.  I was completely disappointed.  Why did they choose to make such biased reports?

In the late 1990’s, I returned to China and began to work for a foreign capital company.  I came into contact with foreign workers and I traveled outside of China frequently.  So I was able to compare western media with Chinese media.  I regret to say that western media has not changed.

This year, there were the Tibet splittist effort and the Sichuan earthquake.  The western media did not change.

The western media may not realize that they are losing China!  They are losing the admiration and trust of the young generation of China, pushing them towards nationalism.

All this occurs because the western media do not really understand China and they have no intention of really understanding China either.

The western media have two obvious misunderstandings about China.  The first misunderstanding  is that they believe that the Chinese government is a dictatorial and totalitarian government, which must necessarily be unpopular among the people.

A very obvious example is the CNN anti-China insult earlier this year.  After the incident, CNN host Jack Cafferty was flooded with protests from Chinese all over the world.  His first reaction was to explain that he was referring to the Chinese government and not the Chinese people.  This resulted in even louder protests and more lawsuits.

The second misunderstanding is that the western media assumed that the voices that could represent the people of China are the overseas political exiles and the anti-government civilians.

Why are these misunderstandings?  Firstly, the west is ignoring the basic fact that the Chinese government has brought astonishing economic growth to China in the last thirty years and many people benefited from this economic growth.  If the western media were willing to investigate, they will find that the popular support for the Chinese government is a lot higher than western governments get from their own people.

Secondly, the western media do not realize that the truly representative and influential voices in Chinese society belong to the middle-class and intelligentsia that came into being during this thirty years of economic growth.

Those who benefited from the reforms want China to go even further with the reforms, but they basically support the Chinese government.  While the western media listen to the overseas Chinese political exiles, how much do they know about this newly rising social force?

At a deeper level, the western media do not understand the deep historical factors and eastern cultural factors that formed the present social and political system in China.

In terms of political system, the more than one hundred years of humiliation means that any Chinese government will have a heavy nationalistic flavor.  They will never be the followers or allies of the western world.

In terms of eastern culture, the east admires collectivism more than the personal liberty that the west admires.  The Chinese children are brought up being educated to sacrifice the individual for the sake of the group.

South Korea, Taiwan and even Singapore share the same eastern cultural background, and they went down paths of modernization that were completely different from the western one.  Under dictatorial, totalitarian regimes, they realized high economic growth rates.  The economic growth nurtured a new middle-class that eventually brought about a democratic political system.  Taiwan has only 20 something million people but it is still suffering from the residual pains of democratization after fifty years of economic growth.  China has 1.3 billion people with serious and complicated social conflicts.  How can you expect it to realized the democratization of its political system just 30 years after beginning to reform.

Without doubt, democracy and rule of law are the ultimate goals of modernization for China.  At the present stage, it is more important to maintain a strong and powerful central government than giving more personal liberty, even though this leads to problems of corruption and lack of some economic freedom.  But this is the road to modernization for China for which  some painful price will have to be paid.

The western media very much want to promote democratization and liberalization in China.  These Chinese people share the same hopes.

But the methods and techniques used by western media can easily create skepticism.  Although I am only speculating, I must raise my doubts: Are the democracy and freedom that the western media want to push the same and identical as what the Chinese people want for their ultimate goals?

The Chinese people want to go through the process of democratization in order to have a strong and wealthy nation.  The western media seem to want democracy for the sake of democracy and they don’t care what happens to China after democracy and freedom come.

Some of those people may be concerned that China will become a new eastern empire that threatens the west.  So they actually want to use democracy and freedom as pretexts to divide and weaken China.

The western world should be reminded that a stable and prosperous China is good news for the world.  But if China were to really down down the divisions of the former Soviet Union and eastern Europe, that could be an absolute political calamity that will bring economic ruin to the whole world.

Since eastern culture places priority on harmony and stability, it will a lot harder to restore the equilibrium.

Finally, I want to challenge the BBC.  Will the objective and fair BBC dare to publish this essay verbatim?

 

(Editor’s note)  We are willing to accept this challenge, just as we work to maintain objectivity and fairness.  We have published Mr. Li’s essay in full except to correct certain words and punctuation marks.

Vocabulary - 词汇:
挑战 = tiǎo zhàn = to challenge
出版 = chū bǎn = to publish
备注 = bèi zhù = remark
 
 
Sources - 来源:
EastSouthWestNorth
BBC 中文网 (检查在中国 / Chinese BBC is censored in China)

中文

China has relaxed access for foreign investors to its booming telecommunications industry by cutting minimum required investments, but retained a ban on foreign majority ownership of ventures.

The Cabinet decision Friday could help to attract new investment into an industry that is undergoing a sweeping government-mandated restructuring aimed at boosting competition.

The minimum capital required for a foreign-financed company to offer national-level or local basic services was cut by 50 percent, according to a notice on its Web site. But the Cabinet retained a restriction limiting foreign investors to owning no more than 49 percent of a company offering basic services and 50 percent for value-added services.

The change could help new, small Chinese businesses by giving them easier access to foreign financing, increasing competition and speeding innovation.

It cuts minimum required capital for a foreign-financed company offering basic services at a national level to 1 billion yuan (US$145 million) and at a local level to 100 million yuan (US$14.5 million), the announcement said.

Spain’s Telefonica SA said last week it would spend 800 million euros (US$1.2 billion) to expand its holdings in Netcom and China’s No. 2 mobile company, China Unicom Ltd., which are due to merge. Telefonica said the investment would make it the combined company’s biggest shareholder, with a 5.5 percent stake.
 
 

外商投资电信企业 门槛降至10亿元

今年的电信业可谓大事不断，正当电信重组加紧进行之际，外商投资电信业的门槛又被大幅度降低。

　　9月12日，国务院法制办公布了修改后的《外商投资电信企业管理规定》(以下简称《规定》)，其中将原本设定的外商在中国投资全国性电信企业的门槛，从20亿元降低到了10亿元。 　　

　　根据修改后的《规定》，从即日起，外商在中国投资电信企业，经营全国的或者跨省、自治区、直辖市范围的基础电信业务的，其注册资本最低限额为10亿元人民币。经营增值电信业务的，其注册资本最低限额为1000万元人民币。 　　

　　经营省、自治区、直辖市范围内的基础电信业务的，其注册资本最低限额为1亿元人民币;经营增值电信业务的，其注册资本最低限额为100万元人民币。

　　在外资的控股比例上，原先的规定并未作出修改，依然是基础电信业务的外商出资比例不得超过49%，增值业务不得超过50%。 　　

　　我国电信业的对外开放始于2001年12月11日加入世界贸易组织。首先放开的是增值电信业务以及基础电信中的寻呼服务、移动话音和数据服务，而国内业务和国际业务放开时间则相对较晚。 　　

　　国家发改委和商务部修订的《外商投资产业指导目录》于2007年12月1日起施行。该《目录》规定，自2007年12月11日起，允许外资在基础电信的国内和国际业务中所持股权最高达到49%。 　　

　　在我国的六大基础电信运营商中，有三家已经有外资注入，形式也是清一色的参股。欧洲运营商沃达丰持有中国移动3%的股权，西班牙电信持有中国网通5%的股权，而韩国SK电讯则持有中国联通6.61%的股权。

Sources / 来源:
Herald Tribune
eNet